THE FINE PRINT

How your data is handled, one industry at a time

We read privacy policies across a whole industry and write down what repeats. Not one company's promises, and not legal advice: the pattern you should expect before you hand anything over, and what stays behind after you leave.

36 industries written up · retention, deletion, carve-outs, and what a leak actually costs

Adult Entertainment

What leaks is what you watched, tied to a card and increasingly to an ID check. Leaks in this corner have been followed by extortion mail, and accounts people had paid to delete were still in them.

LONGEST HOLD · ONLINE-SAFETY AND CHILD-PROTECTION REPORTS · 1 YEAR FOR CONTENT, 5 FOR THE REPORT REFERENCE
Advertising & Marketing

A leak exposes an inference file: what you buy, what you earn, what you are worth targeting for. UK and US regulators found segments covering mental health, sexual health, substance use and politics, tied to precise location: conclusions you never stated.

LONGEST HOLD · TAX AND ACCOUNTING RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Automotive

A connected car logs where you went and how you drove, and makers have left exactly that exposed on the open internet for months at a time. Where the file is finance instead, it is your income and your credit history.

LONGEST HOLD · IDENTITY / ANTI-MONEY-LAUNDERING RECORDS · ABOUT 5 YEARS
Cloud Storage & Software Tools

What leaks here is the content itself: the files, the messages, the drafts you never finished. On a work account the breach reaches everyone whose documents sat in it, none of whom picked the vendor.

LONGEST HOLD · TAX AND ACCOUNTING RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Crypto & Digital Assets

A leak here names you as someone who holds crypto, with your ID and often your home address attached. Buyers on one leaked customer list were phished and then threatened with violence in person.

LONGEST HOLD · IDENTITY / ANTI-MONEY-LAUNDERING RECORDS · ABOUT 5 YEARS
Dating & Matrimony

What leaks here is who you want, what you believe, and what you said in private. People have been outed and extorted with exactly this, and changing a password undoes none of it.

LONGEST HOLD · ONLINE-SAFETY AND CHILD-PROTECTION REPORTS · 1 YEAR FOR CONTENT, 5 FOR THE REPORT REFERENCE
E-commerce

What leaks is a list of things you never said out loud: what you bought, when, and the address it went to. Purchases imply diagnoses, pregnancies and beliefs you never declared. Gifts you sent put other people's homes in the file too.

LONGEST HOLD · TAX AND ACCOUNTING RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
E-learning & Online Courses

What you studied says what you were trying to fix or become: a career change, a gap you were closing, a subject you would not raise. Leaked with the card that paid for it, it reads as a plan you never announced.

LONGEST HOLD · TAX AND ACCOUNTING RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Education

A school or university record follows you into adulthood: grades, discipline, special-needs assessments, family circumstances. One breach took the records of more than sixty million students at once.

LONGEST HOLD · SAFEGUARDING RECORDS · DECADES
Entertainment & Streaming

What you watch is treated as sensitive enough that US law puts a price on disclosing it. A leak turns a viewing history into something a stranger can read back to you.

LONGEST HOLD · TAX AND ACCOUNTING RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Finance & Banking

A finance file names what you hold, what you owe and what you move, beside the ID documents that opened the account. Leaked, it is both the means to impersonate you and the reason to pick you as a target.

LONGEST HOLD · IDENTITY / ANTI-MONEY-LAUNDERING RECORDS · ABOUT 5 YEARS
Fitness & Wellness

This is body data: weight, heart rate, cycles, the routes you run and the hours you turn up. Leaked, it shows a health picture and a daily pattern precise enough to say when your home is empty.

LONGEST HOLD · TAX AND ACCOUNTING RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Food Delivery

Your home address sits attached to your name, your phone number and the hours you are usually in. Breaches here have spilled that exact set for millions of customers at once.

LONGEST HOLD · EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Gambling & Betting

A betting history gets used against people: by a partner, in a custody case, by an employer. Leaked with the ID and bank details an account requires, it is an exposure and a fraud kit at once.

LONGEST HOLD · SELF-EXCLUSION RECORDS · 14 TO 19 YEARS
Gaming

A gaming account is a resale target with a card attached, and years of voice and text chat sit behind it. Where a child plays, what leaks is those messages and the age check that proved how old they are.

LONGEST HOLD · ONLINE-SAFETY AND CHILD-PROTECTION REPORTS · 1 YEAR FOR CONTENT, 5 FOR THE REPORT REFERENCE
Generative AI & AI Assistants

Your chats are the leak. People type medical worries, legal trouble and work secrets into these tools in the first person, and a transcript in your own words is far harder to explain away than a stolen password.

LONGEST HOLD · TAX AND ACCOUNTING RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Government

A government file is the authoritative version of you, and the identifiers in it are the hardest of all to change. It also names the people recorded around you, who never dealt with the department at all.

LONGEST HOLD · POLICING / IMMIGRATION RECORDS · YEARS, SOMETIMES DECADES
Healthcare

A diagnosis does not expire and cannot be reissued. Leaked, it reaches employers, insurers and family in a form you cannot deny, and the tracking cases show this data escaping without any breach at all.

LONGEST HOLD · MEDICAL RECORDS · 8 TO 25 YEARS
Hospitality

A stay record says who you were with and where, and hotel files keep passport numbers to prove it. One group's breach exposed 5.25 million unencrypted passport numbers and ran undetected for four years.

LONGEST HOLD · POLICING / IMMIGRATION RECORDS · YEARS, SOMETIMES DECADES
Identity Verification

This is the leak that cannot be undone. A verifier holds the passport scan and the face that proves it is yours, and archives of exactly that pairing have leaked before. You cannot reissue your face.

LONGEST HOLD · IDENTITY / ANTI-MONEY-LAUNDERING RECORDS · ABOUT 5 YEARS
Insurance

A claims file can hold health details, and shared industry databases mean one leak reaches insurers you never applied to. A diagnosis or a refused claim on that record can shape what you are offered for years.

LONGEST HOLD · FINANCIAL REGULATORY RECORDS · AROUND 5 TO 7 YEARS
Legal Services

Case files hold the worst week of someone's life in detail. In one ransomware attack court bundles reached the dark web: medical records, witness statements, and the addresses of witnesses and victims.

LONGEST HOLD · IDENTITY / ANTI-MONEY-LAUNDERING RECORDS · ABOUT 5 YEARS
Logistics & Shipping

A delivery file says where you live, when somebody was home, and where a parcel goes when nobody is. It names the neighbour who takes them in, who never signed up to anything.

LONGEST HOLD · CUSTOMS AND SHIPPING DECLARATIONS · ABOUT 4 TO 7 YEARS
News & Media

A reading history records what you were curious about, and a list of headlines cannot tell curiosity from belief. Your politics, your diagnosis, your faith: all inferred, none declared, and none of it explainable after the fact.

LONGEST HOLD · TAX AND ACCOUNTING RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Nonprofit & Charity

A donor record says what you gave and what you gave it to, which is often a cause you support quietly. One attack on the sector's dominant database exposed donors across thousands of charities at once.

LONGEST HOLD · SAFEGUARDING RECORDS · DECADES
Privacy Compliance Services

The file here is thin and unusually pointed: who you are, what you asked to have deleted, and the document you sent to prove it. A leak exposes your identity papers beside the fact that you are someone who asks.

LONGEST HOLD · RECORDS TIED TO A LIVE OR POTENTIAL DISPUTE · THE LIMITATION PERIOD OF THE CLAIM
Real Estate

A tenancy file holds your income, your bank details, your guarantor and why a landlord said no. Leaked, it gives a stranger the means to pose as you and the reasons a future landlord may refuse you.

LONGEST HOLD · FINANCIAL REGULATORY RECORDS · AROUND 5 TO 7 YEARS
Recruitment & HR

A leak hands over your salary history, why you left, and what a referee said about you. It follows you into every future application, and you never see the copy that is circulating.

LONGEST HOLD · EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Retail

A purchase history reads like a diary: pregnancy, medication, who you buy for. One retail breach exposed 56.9 million shopper accounts, with purchase histories and dates of birth included.

LONGEST HOLD · TAX AND ACCOUNTING RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Social Media

What leaks is your private messages, your photo library and your contact graph. None of that can be changed afterwards, and it exposes the people around you as much as it exposes you.

LONGEST HOLD · ONLINE-SAFETY AND CHILD-PROTECTION REPORTS · 1 YEAR FOR CONTENT, 5 FOR THE REPORT REFERENCE
Technology

What leaks here is rarely dramatic alone: an identifier, a device, a list of apps. It matters because it is the thread that ties the rest together. The pieces are worth little apart and a great deal joined up.

LONGEST HOLD · TAX AND ACCOUNTING RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Telecommunications

Call records show who you speak to and location shows where you sleep. That pair has already been sold down a chain of buyers and used to track named individuals.

LONGEST HOLD · COMMUNICATIONS METADATA · UP TO 12 MONTHS
Transportation

Trip records map where you go and when you are away from home. One operator's breach took riders and drivers alike, and the licence and payment details attached make it a fraud kit too.

LONGEST HOLD · EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Travel

A travel file says where you were, when, and who you were with, with the passport or ID number attached. It is enough to place you somewhere you would rather not be placed, long after the trip.

LONGEST HOLD · POLICING / IMMIGRATION RECORDS · YEARS, SOMETIMES DECADES
Utilities & Energy

Utility records are how people get found: a name tied to a current address and a payment history. That pairing is where stalking and identity theft start, and it is exactly what these files hold.

LONGEST HOLD · TAX AND ACCOUNTING RECORDS · ABOUT 6 YEARS
Video Interviews & Assessments

What leaks here is your face, your voice, and a machine's judgment of you under pressure, tied to your name and the job you didn't get. A recording is not a password: it cannot be rotated, and neither can what it shows.

LONGEST HOLD · ANONYMISED, AGGREGATED, OR AI-TRAINED DATA · OFTEN KEPT INDEFINITELY

By relationship, whoever the company is

Some files follow what you are to a company, not what the company is. These two hold across every industry above, and for companies in none of them.

ONE RULE BEFORE ANY OF IT

A request only makes sense where they can already name you. If all a company has is an IP address and a device, writing in hands them an email address they did not have. Where that is not true, or where asking is worth it anyway, the industry's own page says so.

AND WHAT YOU KEEP

A setting is their record. They can narrow what it covers or reset it, and nothing tells you. A reply is their words in your hands: dated, and still in your inbox long after the account is gone. Whether it is true is not the point. It exists, and they wrote it.

Whoever they are

None of this needs the trade. These are the clauses almost every policy is built from, and the three things worth asking any company that holds something about you.

“to provide and improve our services”

The catch-all purpose. Analytics, profiling, personalisation, and increasingly AI training can all ride under it. When they want to do something new with your data, this sentence usually already covers it.

THE MOVE An objection draws the line: use your data to run the service, not to improve, target, or train on it.

“we do not sell your personal information”

Often technically true, and still misleading. It usually means no cash changes hands. Data can still flow to ad networks, analytics firms, and partners: on their definition, sharing is not selling.

THE MOVE Flip the do-not-sell switch where one exists. The written objection on top of it goes on your record.

“service providers, partners, and affiliates”

How data leaves the building with no name attached. Recipients are listed by what they do, never who they are. You cannot send a request to a company you cannot name, which is the point.

THE MOVE An access request can ask for the recipients by name, not just the categories. UK and EU law put that choice with you. The reply, or the silence, goes on your record.

“aggregated or de-identified information”

Stripping the name does not strip the pattern, and the pattern often still points at you. Policies grant themselves free, indefinite use of this data because in their telling it is no longer about you.

THE MOVE If a deletion comes back as 'anonymised', keep the reply. It is their claim, not a fact you can check.

“retained as long as necessary, or as required by law”

They can keep it for: legal duties, tax rules, fraud prevention, possible lawsuits, their own business reasons. None of them carries a firm end date. Deletion becomes a negotiation, not an event.

THE MOVE Which reasons apply to you, and how long each runs, is a request of its own. Their reply goes on your record.

“you grant us a licence to use your content”

A contract term, not a data setting, so a privacy request cannot undo it. The careful version ends with your account. The broad version can be passed on, never expires, and survives deletion.

THE MOVE Whether the licence ends with the account is written in their terms, not yours. Closing the account goes on your record.

SEE IT

Ask what they hold. All of it, not a summary by category, and where each part came from. The answer is the only inventory you will ever have of a file you cannot open.

LIMIT IT

Ask them to stop using it for advertising, profiling or training, while the account carries on. It is the narrowest of the three, and the only one that needs nothing deleted to work.

DELETE IT

Ask them to erase it, and expect parts to stay. Their reply names which parts and on what ground, which is worth as much as the deletion.

Their own policy is the one that binds them. Pin it down with a request, and keep the reply. Start your record →